Temperature-Dependent Development of the Post-Diapause Periods of the Apricot Seed Wasp Eurytoma maslovskii (Hymenoptera: Eurytomidae): An Implication for Spring Emergence Prediction Models.

The present study investigates the influence of temperature on the development of Eurytoma maslovskii after a diapause break up until adulthood. The insect development rate was fitted to both linear and nonlinear models to estimate thermal bioparameters, which served as the basis for constructing prediction models. Chilled apricot seeds collected in November were used for the experiments in March. Experiment 1 used intact seeds, while experiment 2 used overwintered larvae obtained by cracking the endocarp cover. Both larvae and intact seeds were subjected to seven constant temperatures (14.5, 18.8, 21.3, 24.0, 27.0, 30.2, and 34.3 °C). The post-diapause larvae of E. maslovskii developed into adults at a temperature range of 14.5-30.2 °C, and no larvae pupated at 34.3 °C. The lower temperature thresholds (LTs) for post-diapause larva and pupa and the total post-diapause period until adult emergence and until adult exit were 8.1, 8.2, 8.2, and 7.3 °C, respectively, whose thermal constants (DD) were 66.2, 180.2, 246.9, and 336.7 degree days, respectively. The distribution of E. maslovskii at all post-diapause stages was described using a two-parameter Weibull function. The data predicted by the model using accumulated degree days starting from January 1 did not differ by more than three days from the observed field emergence of E. maslovskii. Our data provide insights into the development of E. maslovskii after diapause. Temperature-dependent development supports the use of a degree day model to predict field emergence for pest timing control.

The complete mitochondrial genome of Aclees taiwanensis Kôno, 1933 (Coleoptera: Curculionidae).

We sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of Aclees taiwanensis collected in Korea. The circular mitogenome of A. taiwanensis is 17,435 bp, longer than that of Aclees cribratus, and includes 13 protein-coding genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, 22 transfer RNAs, and a control region/D-loop. The AT ratio is 75.4%. Maximum-likelihood and Bayesian inference phylogenetic trees showed that A. taiwanensis was clustered with A. cribratus with full-support values for both trees.

A novel open synovectomy technique using an arthroscopy shaver blade in revision surgery to treat infected total knee arthroplasty: a technical note.

BACKGROUND: This article introduces a novel open synovectomy technique using an arthroscopy shaver blade to effectively remove intra-articular synovitis during revision surgery for infected primary total knee arthroplasty. METHODS (TECHNIQUES): Open synovectomy is performed using a 4.2-mm arthroscopy shaver blade, and the handpiece is connected to suction drainage. Suction is supplied through the central cylinder of the shaver blade to bring the debrided fragments of soft tissue into the window. Grossly inflamed, reddened, diseased synovium is debrided to reveal yellowish, healthy synovium. The inflamed tissues of the knee joint (suprapatellar pouch, medial and lateral gutters, and peripatellar area) are debrided. Then, with maintaining full flexion of the knee joint, a shaver equipped with a longer bar can be used to easily access the medial and lateral posterior compartments, which are generally difficult to access. RESULTS: During a mean of 13.5-month follow-up, there was no recurrent infection in either group; however, patients who underwent the novel technique improved significantly faster in terms of acute serological markers during the first period. CONCLUSIONS: This technique yielded favorable outcomes compared with the conventional technique. In particular, it may facilitate the approach to the posterior joint space, which is difficult to access.